6.4

Trigonometric graphs

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics (0580)  · Unit 6: Trigonometry  · 9 flashcards

Trigonometric graphs is topic 6.4 in the Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics (0580) syllabus , positioned in Unit 6 — Trigonometry , alongside Trigonometric ratios, Sine and cosine rules and 3D trigonometry.  In one line: Amplitude is the maximum displacement from the x-axis. For y = a*cos(x), the amplitude is |a|. Thus, the amplitude of y = 4cos(x) is 4.

This topic is examined across Paper 1 (Core) or Paper 2 (Extended) — non-calculator — and Paper 3 (Core) or Paper 4 (Extended) — calculator.  It is a Supplement (Extended-tier) topic, so it appears only on the Extended-tier papers.

The deck below contains 9 flashcards — 4 definitions, 3 key concepts and 1 application card — covering the precise wording mark schemes reward.  Use the 4 definition cards to lock down command-word answers (define, state), then move on to the concept and application cards to handle explain, describe and compare questions.

Key definition

The amplitude of the graph y = 4cos(x)

Amplitude is the maximum displacement from the x-axis. For y = a*cos(x), the amplitude is |a|. Thus, the amplitude of y = 4cos(x) is 4.

Questions this Trigonometric graphs deck will help you answer

Key Concept Flip

Sketch the graph of y = sin(x) for 0° ≤ x ≤ 360°. Label key points.

Answer Flip

The sine graph starts at (0,0), reaches a maximum of 1 at 90°, returns to 0 at 180°, reaches a minimum of -1 at 270°, and returns to 0 at 360°. Remember its 'wave' shape.

Key Concept Flip

Sketch the graph of y = cos(x) for 0° ≤ x ≤ 360°. Label key points.

Answer Flip

The cosine graph starts at (0,1), reaches 0 at 90°, reaches a minimum of -1 at 180°, returns to 0 at 270°, and ends at 1 at 360°. Think of it as a sine graph shifted left by 90 degrees.

Key Concept Flip

What is the period of the graph y = sin(3x)?

Answer Flip

The period is the length of one complete cycle. For y = sin(bx), the period is 360°/b. Therefore, the period of y = sin(3x) is 360°/3 = 120°.

Definition Flip

What is the amplitude of the graph y = 4cos(x)?

Answer Flip

Amplitude is the maximum displacement from the x-axis. For y = a*cos(x), the amplitude is |a|. Thus, the amplitude of y = 4cos(x) is 4.

Definition Flip

Describe the transformation of y = sin(x) to y = sin(x) + 2.

Answer Flip

The graph of y = sin(x) + 2 is a vertical translation of the graph y = sin(x) by 2 units upwards. All points on the graph are shifted up by 2.

Definition Flip

Describe the transformation of y = cos(x) to y = cos(x - 30°).

Answer Flip

The graph of y = cos(x - 30°) is a horizontal translation of the graph y = cos(x) by 30° to the right. The entire graph is shifted right by 30 degrees.

Key Concept Flip

Sketch the graph of y = tan(x) for -90° < x < 90°. Show any asymptotes.

Answer Flip

The tangent graph starts near -∞ at -90°, passes through (0,0), and approaches +∞ as x approaches 90°. It has vertical asymptotes at x = -90° and x = 90°.

Definition Flip

What is the period of the graph y = tan(x)?

Answer Flip

The period of the tangent function, y = tan(x), is 180°. The graph repeats every 180 degrees.

Key Concept Flip

The graph of y = cos(x) is stretched vertically by a factor of 2. Write the equation of the new graph.

Answer Flip

A vertical stretch by a factor of 2 means multiplying the entire function by 2. The equation of the new graph is y = 2cos(x).

Test yourself

Practice with MCQ questions to check your understanding.

Take Mathematics Quiz
6.3 3D trigonometry 7.1 Transformations

Key Questions: Trigonometric graphs

What is the amplitude of the graph y = 4cos(x)?

Amplitude is the maximum displacement from the x-axis. For y = a*cos(x), the amplitude is |a|. Thus, the amplitude of y = 4cos(x) is 4.

Describe the transformation of y = sin(x) to y = sin(x) + 2.

The graph of y = sin(x) + 2 is a vertical translation of the graph y = sin(x) by 2 units upwards. All points on the graph are shifted up by 2.

Describe the transformation of y = cos(x) to y = cos(x - 30°).

The graph of y = cos(x - 30°) is a horizontal translation of the graph y = cos(x) by 30° to the right. The entire graph is shifted right by 30 degrees.

What is the period of the graph y = tan(x)?

The period of the tangent function, y = tan(x), is 180°. The graph repeats every 180 degrees.

More topics in Unit 6 — Trigonometry

Trigonometric graphs sits alongside these Mathematics decks in the same syllabus unit. Each uses the same spaced-repetition system, so progress in one informs the next.

Cambridge syllabus keywords to use in your answers

These are the official Cambridge 0580 terms tagged to this section. Mark schemes credit responses that use the exact term — weave them into your answers verbatim rather than paraphrasing.

sine graph cosine graph tangent graph period amplitude transformation y = sin x y = cos x y = tan x

Key terms covered in this Trigonometric graphs deck

Every term below is defined in the flashcards above. Use the list as a quick recall test before your exam — if you can't define one of these in your own words, flip back to that card.

The amplitude of the graph y = 4cos(x)
Describe the transformation of y = sin(x) to y = sin(x) + 2
Describe the transformation of y = cos(x) to y = cos(x - 30°)
The period of the graph y = tan(x)

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How to study this Trigonometric graphs deck

Start in Study Mode, attempt each card before flipping, then rate Hard, Okay or Easy. Cards you rate Hard come back within a day; cards you rate Easy push out to weeks. Your progress is saved in your browser, so come back daily for 5–10 minute reviews until every card reads Mastered.