8.3

Group VII - Halogens

Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry (0620)  · Unit 8: The Periodic Table  · 14 flashcards

Group VII - Halogens is topic 8.3 in the Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry (0620) syllabus , positioned in Unit 8 — The Periodic Table , alongside Arrangement of elements, Group I - Alkali metals and Group VIII - Noble gases.

This topic is examined in Paper 1 (multiple-choice) and Papers 3/4 (theory), plus Paper 5 or Paper 6 (practical / alternative to practical). Past papers from 2022 to 2025 show this topic across undefined questions worth 145 marks (around 2.3% of all Chemistry marks in those years).

The deck below contains 14 flashcards — 6 key concepts and 8 identification cards — covering the precise wording mark schemes reward.

What the Cambridge 0620 syllabus says

Official 2026-2028 spec

These are the exact learning objectives Cambridge sets for this topic. Match the command word (Describe, Explain, State, etc.) in your answer to score full marks.

  1. Describe Describe the Group VII halogens, chlorine, bromine and iodine, as diatomic non-metals with general trends down the group, limited to: (a) increasing density (b) decreasing reactivity
  2. State State the appearance of the halogens at r.t.p. as: (a) chlorine, a pale yellow-green gas (b) bromine, a red-brown liquid (c) iodine, a grey-black solid
  3. Describe Describe and explain the displacement reactions of halogens with other halide ions
  4. Predict Predict the properties of other elements in Group VII, given information about the elements
Key Concept Flip

Which ion is formed from iodine?

Answer Flip

Iodine forms the iodide ion, I⁻. Iodine gains one electron to achieve a stable octet configuration.

Example: in potassium iodide (KI), iodine exists as the I⁻ ion, having gained an electron from potassium.
Key Concept Flip

How does the reactivity of Bromine compare to Iodine?

Answer Flip

Bromine is more reactive than iodine because it is a stronger oxidising agent. This means bromine more readily accepts electrons.

Example: bromine will react with iron wool, forming iron(III) bromide, whereas iodine reacts much more slowly, forming mainly iron(II) iodide and some iron(III) iodide under similar conditions.
Key Concept Flip

Describe the general trend of density in Group VII (Halogens) as you go down the group.

Answer Flip

The density of halogens increases as you go down the group. This is because the mass of the atoms increases more rapidly than the volume.

Key Concept Flip

Describe the general trend of reactivity in Group VII (Halogens) as you go down the group.

Answer Flip

The reactivity of halogens decreases as you go down the group. This is because the outer electrons are further from the nucleus, making it harder to attract electrons during reactions.

Key Concept Flip

What is the appearance of chlorine at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.)?

Answer Flip

Chlorine appears as a pale yellow-green gas at r.t.p.

Key Concept Flip

What is the appearance of bromine at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.)?

Answer Flip

Bromine appears as a red-brown liquid at r.t.p.

Key Concept Flip

What is the appearance of iodine at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.)?

Answer Flip

Iodine appears as a grey-black solid at r.t.p.

Key Concept Flip

Explain, in terms of reactivity, why bromine can displace iodide ions from a solution containing potassium iodide.

Answer Flip

Bromine is more reactive than iodine. Therefore, bromine is a stronger oxidising agent than iodine and will displace iodide ions.

Key Concept Flip

Give the formula for the halogen that is at the top of Group VII.

Answer Flip

Fluorine's formula is F₂.

Key Concept Flip

What is the name of the halogen that is below iodine in Group VII?

Answer Flip

Astatine (At)

Key Concept Flip

Complete the following displacement reaction: Cl₂ + 2KBr →

Answer Flip

Cl₂ + 2KBr → 2KCl + Br₂. Chlorine is more reactive than bromine, therefore it will displace bromine.

Key Concept Flip

Write the ionic equation for the reaction between Lead(II) ions and chloride ions to form lead(II) chloride precipitate.

Answer Flip

Pb²⁺(aq) + 2Cl⁻(aq) → PbCl₂(s). Ensure correct formulas, balancing, and state symbols are included.

Key Concept Flip

What precipitate is formed when silver nitrate solution is added to a solution containing chloride ions?

Answer Flip

Silver chloride (AgCl) is formed. It is a white precipitate.

Key Concept Flip

Which reagent can be used to test for water and what colour change is observed?

Answer Flip

Anhydrous cobalt chloride or cobalt chloride paper can be used. It turns pink/blue to pink in the presence of water.

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8.2 Group I - Alkali metals 8.4 Group VIII - Noble gases

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More topics in Unit 8 — The Periodic Table

Group VII - Halogens sits alongside these Chemistry decks in the same syllabus unit. Each uses the same spaced-repetition system, so progress in one informs the next.

Cambridge syllabus keywords to use in your answers

These are the official Cambridge 0620 terms tagged to this section. Mark schemes credit responses that use the exact term — weave them into your answers verbatim rather than paraphrasing.

halogen Group VII Group 7 fluorine chlorine bromine iodine diatomic coloured toxic reactivity decreases displacement halide bleaching sterilising

Related Chemistry guides

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