9.5

Corrosion

Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry (0620)  · Unit 9: Metals  · 10 flashcards

Corrosion is topic 9.5 in the Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry (0620) syllabus , positioned in Unit 9 — Metals , alongside Properties of metals, Reactivity series and Extraction of metals.  In one line: The rusting of iron and steel requires the presence of both water (H₂O) and oxygen (O₂). Rust is hydrated iron(III) oxide (Fe₂O₃.xH₂O).

This topic is examined in Paper 1 (multiple-choice) and Papers 3/4 (theory), plus Paper 5 or Paper 6 (practical / alternative to practical). Past papers from 2022 to 2025 show this topic across undefined questions worth 71 marks (around 1.1% of all Chemistry marks in those years).

The deck below contains 10 flashcards — 3 definitions and 7 key concepts — covering the precise wording mark schemes reward.  Use the 3 definition cards to lock down command-word answers (define, state), then move on to the concept and application cards to handle explain, describe and compare questions.

Key definition

The conditions required for the rusting of iron and steel

The rusting of iron and steel requires the presence of both water (H₂O) and oxygen (O₂). Rust is hydrated iron(III) oxide (Fe₂O₃.xH₂O).

What the Cambridge 0620 syllabus says

Official 2026-2028 spec

These are the exact learning objectives Cambridge sets for this topic. Match the command word (Describe, Explain, State, etc.) in your answer to score full marks.

  1. State State the conditions required for the rusting of iron and steel to form hydrated iron(III) oxide
  2. State State some common barrier methods, including painting, greasing and coating with plastic
  3. Describe Describe how barrier methods prevent rusting by excluding oxygen or water
  4. Describe Describe the use of zinc in galvanising as an example of a barrier method and sacrificial protection Supplement
  5. Explain Explain sacrificial protection in terms of the reactivity series and in terms of electron loss Supplement
Definition Flip

What are the conditions required for the rusting of iron and steel?

Answer Flip

The rusting of iron and steel requires the presence of both water (H₂O) and oxygen (O₂). Rust is hydrated iron(III) oxide (Fe₂O₃.xH₂O).

Definition Flip

What is a barrier method of preventing rust?

Answer Flip

Barrier methods prevent rust by creating a physical barrier between the iron/steel and the oxygen or water in the environment. Examples include painting, greasing, and coating with plastic.

Key Concept Flip

How does painting prevent rusting?

Answer Flip

Painting prevents rusting by creating an impermeable barrier that excludes oxygen and water from contacting the iron or steel surface. This stops the redox reaction that forms rust.

Key Concept Flip

How does greasing prevent rusting?

Answer Flip

Greasing prevents rusting by forming a water-repellent layer that excludes water and oxygen from contacting the iron or steel. This prevents the electrochemical process of rusting.

Key Concept Flip

How does coating with plastic prevent rusting?

Answer Flip

Coating with plastic provides a non-porous barrier that prevents oxygen and water from reaching the iron or steel surface, thus stopping the formation of rust.

Example: coating pipes.
Definition Flip

What is galvanising?

Answer Flip

Galvanising is a method of rust prevention that involves coating iron or steel with zinc. Zinc acts as both a barrier and provides sacrificial protection.

Key Concept Flip

How does zinc act as a barrier in galvanising?

Answer Flip

Zinc acts as a barrier by physically preventing water and oxygen from reaching the iron or steel surface. This is similar to painting.

Key Concept Flip

Explain sacrificial protection in terms of the reactivity series.

Answer Flip

A more reactive metal will corrode in preference to a less reactive metal. Zinc is more reactive than iron, so in galvanising, the zinc corrodes instead of the iron, sacrificing itself to protect the iron.

Key Concept Flip

Explain sacrificial protection in terms of electron loss.

Answer Flip

Sacrificial protection works because the more reactive metal (

Example: zinc) loses electrons (is oxidised) in preference to the iron. The zinc donates electrons to the iron, preventing the iron from being oxidised and rusting: Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻
Key Concept Flip

Give an example of sacrificial protection other than galvanising

Answer Flip

Attaching blocks of magnesium to the hull of a ship. Magnesium is more reactive than iron so it corrodes instead of the ship's hull.

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9.4 Uses of metals 10.1 Water

Key Questions: Corrosion

What are the conditions required for the rusting of iron and steel?

The rusting of iron and steel requires the presence of both water (H₂O) and oxygen (O₂). Rust is hydrated iron(III) oxide (Fe₂O₃.xH₂O).

What is a barrier method of preventing rust?

Barrier methods prevent rust by creating a physical barrier between the iron/steel and the oxygen or water in the environment. Examples include painting, greasing, and coating with plastic.

What is galvanising?

Galvanising is a method of rust prevention that involves coating iron or steel with zinc. Zinc acts as both a barrier and provides sacrificial protection.

More topics in Unit 9 — Metals

Corrosion sits alongside these Chemistry decks in the same syllabus unit. Each uses the same spaced-repetition system, so progress in one informs the next.

Cambridge syllabus keywords to use in your answers

These are the official Cambridge 0620 terms tagged to this section. Mark schemes credit responses that use the exact term — weave them into your answers verbatim rather than paraphrasing.

corrosion rusting rust iron oxygen water oxidation prevention painting oiling galvanising sacrificial protection electroplating

Key terms covered in this Corrosion deck

Every term below is defined in the flashcards above. Use the list as a quick recall test before your exam — if you can't define one of these in your own words, flip back to that card.

The conditions required for the rusting of iron and steel
Barrier method of preventing rust
Galvanising

Related Chemistry guides

Long-read articles that go beyond the deck — cover the whole subject's common mistakes, high-yield content and revision pacing.

How to study this Corrosion deck

Start in Study Mode, attempt each card before flipping, then rate Hard, Okay or Easy. Cards you rate Hard come back within a day; cards you rate Easy push out to weeks. Your progress is saved in your browser, so come back daily for 5–10 minute reviews until every card reads Mastered.